Questions to answer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Questions to answer - Essay ExampleThis method fosters the chief motivation for reimbursing as position up a more promising rate of interest over the period of the new issue.3. Recognizing the divergency on reimbursing is the same as the disparity on other prompt terminations (Carmichael and Graham, 2010). Auditors argue that system of ruless should recognize this difference in income in the term of the termination.The third method makes practical sense since it is the only argument where an control records the whole difference when the particular agreement is extinguished. This process affects previous terms when the agreement was valid. However, the third method is the generally accepted one (FASB, 1972). This is because many accountants contend that the recognition of this difference might compel an organization to record returns by borrowing funds at high rates of interest to settle discounted, low-rate debts.I favor the first option because it takes into account equity cate gorization for a part of or the inviolate outstanding convertible debt issue. As a result, the first option is suitable for fiscal auditing and reporting from a tax point of view (Grant Thorton, 2013). Instruments with the features of both equity and liability categorizations are compound. The first option in any case qualifies as a requirement for the categorization of fiscal tools (Schneider et al., n.d.).FASB. (1972). APB 26 Early Extinguishment of Debt. FASB. Retrieved from http//www.fasb.org/cs/BlobServer?blobkey=id&blobnocache=true&blobwhere=1175820898212&blobheader= operation/pdf&blobcol=urldata&blobtable=MungoBlobsSchneider, D. K., Schisler, D., Mccarthy, M. G., and Hagler, J. L. (n.d.). Equity Classification of Convertible Debt? Tax and Cash Flows Considerations. Journal of Applied Business Research, 11(4), pp.

A REVIEW OF PROVIDING EMPLOYEES BENEFITS IN SAMSUNG IN SOUTH KOREA Essay

A REVIEW OF PROVIDING EMPLOYEES BENEFITS IN SAMSUNG IN SOUTH KOREA - testify ExampleKorean based firm that is headquartered in Suwon. Having been established in 1969 when it was referred to as Samsung Electric Industries, the order has embarked on product diversification an aspect that has made it to enjoy a competitive position in the electronic manufacture. Soon after it was established, the connection embarked on acquiring other firms within the same industry with an objective of expanding its capital bases as well as putting in place effective marketing strategies. Some of the notable firms that Samsung acquired were Korea Semiconductor and Korea Telecommunication in 1974 and 1980 respectively. Investing in technology especially betwixt 1995 and 2008 made the association to acquire a significant market share an aspect that made the company to effectively face off its key competitor Sony. In order to effectively meet the unavoidably of its globose market, the company dive rted from consumer brands to enter in the filed of memory. This made it to be a key supplier of the NAND memory and A7 processors to the Apple conjunction. Recently, Samsung has indicated an expansive growth that has made it not only to incur high moolah but in any case it has created a strong positive consumer product relationship. From the introduction and adoption of 5G technology to the intromission of Galaxy S series, Samsung registered a profit of US $9.4 billion in the third quarter of 3013. In order to ensure that its operations are effectively varied out in the local and global market, Samsung maintains a workforce of 470,000 employees. Thus the need to keep them motivated as a way of enlacing the company profitability. 1.2 inquiry title, research question and research objectives A review of providing employees benefits in Samsung in South Korea Research question What is the impact of providing employees benefits in Samsung? Research objectives Analyzing the impact of employees benefit program on Samsung performance compend the employees, benefits program Reviewing the implementation of providing employees benefits in Samsung Company What are the benefits of providing employees for the company? 1.3 Research rationale This research give use the studies through with(p) by various individuals who have done extensive coverage of the benefits offered by the Samsung Company in its effort to improve the productivity of its employees. 2 Literature review 2.1 Introduction Being an planetary company with an objective of expanding its customer bases and acquiring a wide market segment, Samsung has a strong gene linkage with its employees. Ranging from technical managers to the sales representative, the company has established a number of employees benefits that are aimed at move them thus improving their productivity. Through the establishment of Samsungs welfare system, the company provides not only fiscal support to the employees, but also it provid es health, leisure and education facilities to the employees. The establishment of an integrated benefit scheme, Samsung has maintained a strong workforce that has made it to put at bay it key competitors including Nokia and Apple. The part below reviews studies done by various people on the impact of providing employees benefits in Samsung. 2.2 High compensation In his studies on compensation and negotiation, Chingos (1985) support an increment of salaries not only as a way of compensating them but also as

CVA Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CVA - Coursework ExampleChanges to documents in version report of blurred vision, depth insight (Duncan et.al, 1983). through and through evaluation of the higher functions such as Speech if the patient is alert Position with head approximately elevated and in the neutral position Sustaining of the bed rest by providing quiet and calm purlieu also restricting visitors and their activities. Intervention of cluster nursing and providing rest period activities in between like activities as well as limiting the duration of the procedure. Inhibit strain at stool, holding breath, administering secondary oxygen as specified (Burney et.al, 1996).The following reasons may affect the patients readiness or ability to accept Assessing if the patient is encountering some problems in accepting their conditions. The patient may feel overwhelmed, angry, or depressed (Duncan et.al, 1983).An appropriate referral for a patient with cerebrovascular accident may entail several things. A patient ma y be referred to a syncope clinic over a six-month period where he will be futurely studied. initial assessment may integrate ambulatory electrocardiography, carotid sinus massage prior to and following atropine and protract head-up tilt (Burney et.al, 1996).The coping skills that a nurse should use in assisting the patient that challenges a younger somebody consider include Theoretical basis Coping area assessed and, Psychometric properties of coping procedures used in studies assessing patients with stroke (Duncan et.al, 1983).Burney, T. L., Senapti, M., Desai, S., Choudhary, S. T., & Badlani, G. H. (1996). Acute cerebrovascular accident and lower urinary tract dysfunction a prospective correlation of the site of brain injury with urodynamic findings. The Journal of urology, 156(5),

Is regionalism the future of emergency management Essay

Is regionalism the early of emergency management - Essay ExampleThus, the group of emergency management practitioners worked on eight principles to authorise the development of the emergency management and to help on basing its future1.Today, the future of the emergency management is very congenital to the public and to the private sector. The demand for emergency managers has been increasing sufficiently due to certain events like the folk 11 era. The disaster response systems feel increasingly been federalized to deal in the internal and external threats that have been initiated and to be able to provide insight into the issues of what can be done in order to counter the emergency events from happening in the future. The distribution of these disaster response systems and their resources between the rural and urban communities has go away a problem in the near future, as the geographic conditions are to be considered greatly.Regionalism is a governmental ideology that indic ates the need of protection of the interests of a particular region by specifically hired political groups or regionalists. The main aims of these regionalists are to increase their regions political power and influence any from limited forms of autonomy or by stronger measures of autonomy. The concept of regionalism strengthens the regions government bodies and their political parties, and as well promotes fiscal responsibility, benefit the local population with a more rational allocation of the regions resources, improve the efficiency in carrying out the local plans and overall increase the efficiency levels. Regionalism is closely related to the future of emergency management.Since the field of emergency management is always evolving, it makes it impossible for the roles and responsibilities of the emergency managers to be consistent. Thus, at that place are several key needs that are applied to the emergency

Book Report ( The coming of Dragons by A.J.Lake) Essay

Book Report ( The glide slope of dragons by A.J.Lake) - Essay ExampleIt is on the ship that the children meet and become friends.While sailing on the ship, a dim appears in the sky and the ship is destroyed. All abroad it atomic number 18 lost and plainly the children survive. Relying on one another and their own wit, the children finally make it to shore. There they meet a mysterious old hermit who tells them some very strange tales. Elspeth and Edmund do not understand much of what the secret and mysterious hermit tells them tho soon discover that they have been given the responsibility of saving the world. end-to-end their quest to carry on the world, Elspeth and Edmund come across many strange characters. Some of them are extremely colored and quite frightening. However, they manage to survive and move from one stage of their adventure to another because of their courage, their wit and the wizard(prenominal) powers they have been given. Edmund suddenly discovers that he can enter into the mind of the dragon and of people, and listen to all their thoughts. Elspeth finds a magical sword attached to her arm and which appears and disappears as needed.The adventures which the two characters experience in their quest to save the world are exciting and encourage readers to keep turning the pages of the book. The two main characters play an every bit important role in keeping readers riveted. Despite their age and their inexperience, they manage to overcome the fears and courageously exhibit their responsibility of saving the world. Elspeth and Edmund are courageous, intelligent and, above all, dont rush into things blindly but wisely think over their every move.Besides making a good Christmas gift, The Coming of the Dragon has many lessons for its readers. It teaches courage, the importance of persistence and how, by facing your fears, you can overcome them. However, the most important lesson it teaches is responsibility. Edmund and Elspeth are given a responsibility which seems much greater than their

Sociological Analysis of Asia's premier serial killer Charles Gurmukh Essay

Sociological Analysis of Asias premier sequential killinger Charles Gurmukh Sobhraj - Essay ExampleHe was admitted to a boarding school in Paris unless he managed to drop out at least twice to visit Vietnam. It is interesting reading that these trips were paid with help of fraud checks. Nevertheless, Sobhraj spent three years for burglary and eight months for car theft in prison in France in the 1960s. In the 1970s Sobhraj became dabbling in drug smuggling. He made a core root for himself and acted in pack as he was very flexible with his ways of crime. It at this point of his locomote that the notorious Bikini Murders took shape with Teresa Knowlton, a Seattle woman who had traveled to Bangkok on her way to Kathmandu. multiple murders of the similar type surfaced and it was found out that the usual methods of Sobhraj was to drug first and then go for the kill and occasionally burning the bodies after the kill. Sobhraj is implicated in at least 10 murders in Thailand in 1975 a lone. The total body count for this killer is actually 32.Sobhraj, once commented that his greatest strength was his great jockey for the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche. This is an interesting clue to the psyche of this serial killer. As in Friedrich Nietzsches philosophy he in addition believed that women should be treated on whip.

Argument paper -- Obamacare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Argument paper -- Obama reverence - Essay ExampleHowever, Obama apprehension is not a good option in our society at this moment due the terms involved, biases and extravagantly operating costs (Fact 1). Despite its help towards average earners in the American society, it has created havoc and gritty operational costs to the rich and big businesses. The Obama care affects the American negatively by increasing taxes, do unfairness in society, straining the economy and changing the cost of operating businesses.First, for the government to get specie to insure millions of American citizens, obviously the money has to come from taxes. Moreover, this can negatively affect the high-income earners thus causing bias in the society. Because of high taxation rates on the rich people, this can in identification number affect their employees as a result of the reduction of working hours. The Obamacare is not a good solution, as it seems to be a punishment towards the rich people and big bu sinesses (Investors Business Daily 1). Moreover, due to high taxation on rich businesses might lower the investors confidence, and this might negatively affect the local economy.another(prenominal) negative situation on the Obama care is its ultimatums towards all American citizens. This law is forceful in that it requires that by January 2014 everybody was to have registered in this programme and those who fail a fee was to apply. Additionally, this Medicaid can only be achieved by means of the State and the national funding. Unfortunately, not all states have the capability of fully funding this plan (Obama care facts 1). Thus, about 5.7 million people from the poor backgrounds will be without an insurance cover exposing their lives to danger. Furthermore, the state and the federal governments also provide fund for the plan making matters even more badly. A classic utilisation is the Children Health Insurance Fund (CHIP). As a result, the operation cost of health insurance gets high than the growth of the economy. This phenomenon strains the available resources in

Womens History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Womens History - Essay Example system was ratified by the 19th Amendment giving women the right to vote. Formation of one group in 1890, interior(a) American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), Stanton being the president and the vice-president being Anthony was an effective strategy and vital form _or_ system of government to gain suffrage. The nonviolent approach was the suffragists logical strategy since Quakers and pacifists like Alice Paul, Lucretia Mott, and Susan B. Anthony who was its prominent leaders support peaceful resistance in order to be equal with men. Another strategy that was used by the Suffrage Movement to outwit opponents was the involvement of professionals who had proved to be enormously competent, politically important, widely prize and highly influential like Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Stone, Carrie Chapman Catt, Harriet Stanton Blatch, and Alice Paul. Vigorous campaigning was another major input which gave the movement advantage in t he long run after over 72 years of campaigning and pooling of resources to fund it. The campaigns were make full with commitment, intrigue, dedication, and frustration. Millions of dollars were pooled as hundreds gave such aid wherever and whenever they could together with constant interest. Hundreds of women gave possibilities of an entire lifetime. Enlisting of new members overly proved to be above par policy and strategy in order to popularize the movement. The inclusion of men was another strategy as men had vital roles in casting votes that could only be cast by men. The 19th Amendment was approved by virtually all-male Senate and House and ratified by 36 all-male, virtually, legislatures.Though the movement fought for the womens rights, it is regarded in some quarters as a cause that was inconsequential value neither of respect nor attention.

The Inconclusive Ethical Case against Manipulative Advertising Study

The Inconclusive Ethical against Manipulative Advertising - Case Study ExampleThrough advertising, around people are inspired with a life of consumption. This is because majority of people tend to buy products pop of the advertisement fantasy. Advertising makes people believe that the more a product appears on the screens or billboards, the advance it is hence its rate of consumption shoots remarkably.Galbraiths assertion on advertising is true. Advertisers induce consumers wants that are non urgent through their manipulative tactics. Such advertiser triggered wants are non always urgent and as a result, they are usually ineffective (Show & Vincent 346-353). This means that once a consumer buys a product bulge of advertising curiosity, their satisfaction is met immediately. However, this satisfaction does non last long since the consumer did not need the product and as a result the purchased product is of less benefit to the consumer.Levitt asserts that consumers need and want illusions of advertising. This is not true because to the highest degree consumers buy a product as a result of previous experience with the similar product. Besides, not many consumers are moved by the illusions made on a product, whether new or mature in the market (Show & Vincent 351-354). Similarly, it is untrue that as consumers we buy not only the physical product however also a set of feelings connected with it by advertising. This is because some products may have a enough feeling while being advertised yet we do not use them. For instance, the feeling associated with fetching alcohol cannot make an anti alcohol take the drink. Also, it is true that decoration and distortions are among advertisings legitimate and socially desirable purposes. Without the duo, the consumer may not get the advertisers objective of purchasing the product. However, the promises and images of advertising do not always offer the consumer a genuine satisfaction.Manipulative advertising is not wrong as it aims at capturing consumers attention

History of the American Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History of the American Economy - Essay ExampleThey used to grow tobacco, potato, tomato, and cotton wool when Europe and the rest of the world had not even heard about their names.Colonists, however, did not come in search of these newfound treasures. They came in the search of gold and silver. Spain became the major colonizer of the Americas, starting from 1550s. French followed tally and complete their bases in the correspond day Canada and Mississippi river delta. England, however, did not come in the initial stages of colonization. They came in the mid-seventeenth century and established a trading post at Jamestown, Virginia.Spanish, however, again took lead in colonizing the resources- abundant southern America with dozens of gold and silver mines. England, with grave poverty issues back home, decided to colonize present day United States and benefit from its resources and labor (both slave and Native Indians).The colonization resulted in an economic upheaval. The trustwor thy roots of the American economy lie in the same period. Initially, British settlers concentrated on fur trade and trappings. The King, however, soon granted the permission to establish charter companies in the United States. These companies had to find clandestine financiers for their growth but had the royal authority to colonize land and further British goals. Thus began the climax of Mercantilism.Mercantilism, in its true sense, acted as the basic source of colonization. The initial trade revolved on merchandise clothing materials and exporting tobacco, rice, and tomato, among other agricultural production. The economic depression in the Untied Kingdom and relational prosperity in the colonial United States encouraged the settlers to start exploring further avenues of economy. Apart from the agricultural produce, which they had established to some degree, shipbuilding became a major profession, especially in the New England region.The New World was rich in

Multicultural Education Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Multicultural Education - denomination ExampleStudents from different cultures ar still new to the issue of ethnicity and racism and hence are the best(p) people to be provided with multicultural education for the future of the nation. These students who are from various communities should be imparted with important intimacy such as of eliminating stereotypes and any behavior that is prejudicial. They can also be taught to embrace positive self-image of themselves and that of another(prenominal) as well. With the students being made to think about freedom and justice at all times, they are keep to have increased cultural awareness as well as intercultural awareness.This will baseborn that they will aim at creation of a safe and free environment for people to let out and reflect positively about the multiple histories of different cultures. This will eventually lead to creation of a society and nation that is together and strengthened as one despite their differences in cultur es. Challenges are bound to arise during teaching due to socialization patterns but determination and curiosity of the students can be counted upon to envision the

Evaluation Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Evaluation Report - Essay ExampleAs practice establish learning is linked to the learning activities that require application of theories in a practical work scenario it provided me the incursion of the workplace which could not be achieved by sitting in a lecture room.Cherry et al. (2005) proposed that stiff communication is the core of nursing profession. Keeping this in mind I seduce tried to crumble my communication skills developed, as part of the training session, by issuing handover reports to the nurses on the next shift. I have also made an effort to appraise the level of improvement in my listening skills. Through notice I tried to summarize my personal and professional development during training.It is a figure out in which nurses group delivers the information about the patient roles care to other nurses normally as the shift changes. It commonly focuses on the nursing care plan (Smith, 2004, p.4). Continued reflection on my experience enabled me to assess that ha ndover is unrivalled beneficial way of communicating with other nurses.Through handovers nurses are better able to conceive the patients condition. Before this work based learning experience I used to make disorganized handovers but by the end of this shift I have witnessed several handovers instructed by the senior nurses and now I am proficient enough to develop a concise hand over in sentence.During my experience as a trainee nurse, I have seen nurses making unstructured handovers that were a total redundancy of time as they indicate patients information in a biased manner. The time assigned to submit a hand over was usually limited. Attendance was also mandatory at the time of handovers. According to me the current handover practice was efficient as I never witnessed the time of handover process changed.Handovers also formulates a way for personnel education and debriefing (Jones & Bourgeois, 2006, p.155).Nurses used to exchange handovers informally indeed

Military lessons learned Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Military lessons learned - demonstrate ExampleThey focus on operating plans and details to go one step further at a time (Harris and White, 1987, p. 110). They be also more focused on little things than the generalized point-of-view. Logisticians argon different from tactical planners since they are the ones responsible for inventories and knowing the use of resources and their whereabouts. They do that to achieve the objectives. Their works embarrass combining and application of information, material transfer, storage and protection. They whitethorn use equipment or computers to easily store and line up the data regarding the analysis and predictions on resource use (Kane, 2001). Strategic thinkers are the ones responsible for the general focal point of the organization like armed forces. They try to answer the questions why and how instead of what. They are concerned with wider arrays of methods to lapse the desired future. Their works are then supported by both the logistician s and tactical planners. Strategic thinkers are not conventional type of people as they make use of odd and different shipway to create opportunities that sometimes can be provocative regarding the direction of a group. They perform the operation called strategical thinking wherein it serves as the precursor of strategic planning (Heuser, 2010, p. 456). Since the armed forces always engage in excuse and sometimes go to war, they really necessary the thinkers and planners on how to use their armed members to the fullest to achieve the objective.Leadership may be proven to be handy in the case of armed forces since planning is part of the mathematical function of leaders. They should be able to delegate the works toward the achievement of their goals. In addition, leadership skills serve as the stick agent of an organization and traverse the same direction toward growth. In the process, big and small plans are needed and can be categorized as short-term and long-term plans. They contain deadlines, procedures and delegated

Dream Act and Illegal immigrant childrens citizenship Essay

conceive of Act and Il effectual immigrant childrens citizenship - Essay ExampleIt is immigration regenerate bill that offers over 12 million wrong immigrants to become legalized U.S. citizen, in addition to heightened security on Mexico border, and introducing guest worker program to assist employers in working out low paying jobs. condescension the fact that, it is costly legislation, has direct negative impact on already worse employment market, contest for balancing budget on non altogether state but also federal level, extra tax burden on Americans, work as invitation for future vile immigrants, and threat to non only immigration law but to the rights of law abiding legalized U.S. citizens. It is immoral and unethical approach of illegal immigrant who undertake U.S citizenship for themselves or their children born or grew up here, as its basic purpose was to protect slave children not illegal immigrants children. The Dream ActPresident Obama with liberal Democratic Pa rty leadership is determined to crack the Dream Act which will grant amnesty to millions of illegal immigrants (King, 2010).U.S. Senate blocked the Dream Act this December, the bill, if passed, would obtain allowed young children of illegal immigrants to attain a legalized citizenship of United States of America. These illegal immigrants came to America as children but their savage record and other requirements are clear. Moreover, they have completed two years of military service or college education in America. The bill could not gather the support of required 60 senators to cross the stymy which delayed it for one year with an uncertain future (Herszenhorn, 2010). Fundamental objections The implemented version of 14th Amendments interpretation encourages other nations citizens to enter United States jurisdiction and give birth. The legalized children access sociable services and support their parents to become legalized. Presence of legal immigrant as immediate relative short ens the otherwise long process of immigration (Rau, 2010). Its results can be far-reaching as we can infer it from Pew Hispanic gists study (qtd. in Rau,2010) which reports about 340,000 births to illegal immigrants in United States only in 2008.In nigh of the cases, parents were residing in America form one year or more. It is unethical rather criminal as Lillpop refers it, to use infants or anchor babies to avoid deportation or other punishment, such as, jailing. Moreover, it is immoral usance and use of not only newborns but U.S. constitution for illegal immigrants personal interest. It offers short cut to legitimation and unjust for those who go through a longer process for attaining United States citizenship in a legal way. A common justification is the humanistic stance that wants to keep the families united. It is suspicious and needs reconsideration because illegal immigrant initially left their families in their homeland just to reside illegally on American land. Moreo ver, a criminal cannot be judged upon on the basis of whether he has a family or not. Illegal immigrants are not less of criminals because they invade another nations soil without their legal permission. Dream Act permits illegal immigrants to feed on law abiding taxpayers money for their law breaking act. Opponents attributed the Dream Act to be too broad in its interpretation and it would lead to give amnesty to illegal immigrants (Herszenhorn, 2010). Senator Jeff Sessions of Alabama (qtd. in Herszenhorn, 2010) accuse Democrats of not only tolerating lawlessness but certain policies encourage it, he led the Dream Acts opposition in Senate and highlighted the lack of efforts in improving the situation at borders to contain

Organic solar cells Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

complete solar cells - Essay lawsuitSolar nil is a potential alternative to the production of heartiness with petroleum. The present solar-cell technologys energy yield is often not the same and mass-production proves expensive. There is incomplete information of the solar energy productions total effect on environment. A interrogation team at the Rochester show of Technology (RIT) carried out one of the first assessments of the life-cycle of constitutional solar cells in an attempt to develop a better understanding of the detriments and environmental benefits of solar power. The research was directed at the calculation of total character of energy and impact of material collection, production, fabrication, and use of constitutional solar cells on the environment by mean of a detailed assessment of the technology. As a result of this research, it was found that the total amount of energy needed to make a product is more for the conventional inorganic devices in comparison to the organic solar cells. The assistant professor of chemical engineering, Brian Landi, who has served as a faculty advisor in this research project at RIT says, This analysis provides a comprehensive assessment of how much energy it takes to manufacture an organic solar cell, which has a significant impact on both the cost and environmental impact of the technology (Landi cited in Dube). Organic solar cells are considered to be low-cost as well as potentially benign power sources environmentally. The components of organic solar cells that play the role of absorbing light and taking the kicking i.e. -Conjugated (semiconducting) polymers cannot be made in the laboratories in amenable ways to the manufacturing with low impact on the environment.Organic solar cells are lightweight and flexible. Their tendency to provide the cost effective solution processing generates a range of benefits for manufacturing over the technologies of the

General principles Essay Example for Free

General principles prove1. Film theory is how we require mental pictures based general principles. It serves as a model for understanding movies and their distinct contents. It is look at blast using a particular perspective, much like using opposite go ones in analyzing literature. Film criticism reputewhile, is focused more on the artistic value and appeal of the movie to the viewing public. It has two forms reviews for the common viewer and critical essays for scholars. 2. Realist theory explains that our experiences can be emulated in movies by the help of cinematic language and technology, importee movies as a confrontation of reality. Formalist theory explains films are more than a representation of reality. The film artists give form to reality 3. Explicit meaning is what the movie presents on the surface. Meaning the movie clearly shows what it is trying to project, viewers instantly get it without much effort. Implicit meaning is the message within the movie that is not obvious. It is the meaning behind the actions of the film. It is the message of the filmmaker that requires more or less critical analysis. 4. Mimesis is the Greek word for the imitative representation of the world in art and literature.It is essentially the violence portrayed in films, suggesting that it is part of reality. Katharsis (catharsis) popularized by Aristotle in his Poetics, on the other pop off is what Aristotle used to describe tragedy, it produces emotions of pity and fear. 5. Kathrarsis (catharsis) means purgation or purification. Aristotle used this Greek term in his definition of a tragedy in his Poetics, he said that tragedy must feel katharsis, meaning tragedies should produce emotions of pity and fear from the audience. Looking for catharsis in movies is beneficial because it can either have a positive or negative effect on the viewers. 6.Ideology does not simply mean an idea. Ideology means a variety of related ideas, how humans see life and cult ure. In film, ideology is the ideas of individuals, group, class, or culture that reflects their social needs and aspirations. Ideological meaning in movies is the tones depicted in it. It is the belief of the filmmakers, the belief of the characters, or the populations belief during the movie was made. Feminism, Marxism, and cultural studies are considered ideological theories because they represent ideas that attempt to explain how people and societies function. 7. Auteur theory states that the music managing director is the author of a film.Its application has two forms the director is judged by looking at all the films he or she has made as a whole, looking at style. The other is a classification of great directors based on a hierarchy of styles. The director must have directed numerous films to be an auteur. The style of the director should be as fantastic as novelists 8. Genre study is the process of understanding some basic ways of how musical style functions to develop interesting critiques of genre films. The evolution of major film genres made filmmakers conscious about genre history and conventions, thus the remakes, parodies, sequels, and hybridization that we see today.9. The study of the phenomenon (or art) known as film and studying film using a certain perspective or approach are involved in the study of film history. 10. Aesthetic approach evaluates movies and directors by looking at how artistic they and their films are. It is sometimes called the masterpiece approach or great man approach. Social approaches evaluate movies on the criteria of how significant they are in apprisal to the society. Questions when evaluating film are What is the films significance to the society? What social issues does it present? and if it provides solutions.

The Evaluation of Tsotsi Essay Example for Free

The Evaluation of Tsotsi EssayHe is in one of the gangs there. He leaves from his pargonnts when he is youthful because he has a bad father who always hits him and blames him, and his m some other is suffering from a disease. He feels alone, so he goes to stay with other homeless people. He grows up with them, and lives with them in large, concrete construction pipes. He has to become independent when he is young. The most important scene in the delineation is the robbery case. A cold-blooded person, Tsotsi tries to steal a rich womans car and money. While he is larceny her car, he discovers that there is a baby in the back seat of the car.When he hears the baby cry, he is reminded of his childhood. Out of guilt, he decides to take on the responsibility and take c are of the baby. After the first meter of attacking, he realizes that he is not able to take care of the baby. Then, he meets Miriam, the actress Terry Pheto, who has an infant, and threatens her to feed the baby. These matters aim Tsotsi to embark on his painful process. This movie has an excellent opening, ending and delivery which send word draw the earshots attention. Also, the cameramen use the high quality of skills which can strongly reflect the situation in Africa.Moreover, characters are one of the souls of the movie which the emotion toward the audience can light up a whole movie. Lastly, this movie can reflect the social problems in Africa which we need to treasure what we have. At the beginning of the movie, on the train, Tsotsi and his friends try to steal money. This compact opening catches the audiences attention. Besides, this movie has a little flashback to the childhood of Tsotsi, unconnected from the flashback memories of childhood that Tsotsi himself experiences early in the film.The peachs can clearly understand the reason behind how he becomes a robber. The viewer will not outfox confused because this movie is quite straightforward and clear. The fable move step by step. Actually, it shows the time line from getting the baby accidently in the car to good-looking back the baby to her parents. The movie is mainly surrounding the kidnapping case. Furthermore, at the end of the movie, it is the turning flush of Tsotsi which can see him change from hatred to care of a person. At that time, Tsotsi feels regret, and he is planning to go against back the baby to her parents.When he arrives in their house, he stays for a long time and tries to converse with her parents. The audience will start getting irritated because they know the police are coming, they dont want Tsotsi to get caught. They will feel confused. Nevertheless, this movie has a great ending which provide a theme for the audience to discuss. It shows that Tsotsi raises his arms to the policemen, and all aiming their guns at him. What happens next? Does Tsotsi surrender? Or do the police shoot him? tout ensemble of these are the possible thing that might happen.The filmmakers choos e this wonderful ending because they want the audience to hold of the movie and guess if there will be another episode following to continue. This is a shining way to promote a movie. Moreover, the lighting effect is one of the attraction points. Cameramen are one the souls of individually movie how the audience invests in the movie relies on the cameramen. This is a praiseworthy achievement of the cameramen they do a great job in this movie. This film that includes wonderful and very convincing performances gives an extraordinary spiritual power. close to scenes take place either at night or in the early morning jibe at night is always difficult, and the cameramen have to keep watching for the correct environment lighting conditions. provided the cameramen still can catch a specific moment this shows that they have a good skills. In addition, Tsotsi, played by Presley Chweneyagae, acts very well in this movie. His emotional expression can influence the other actors, and put th em into their own characters deeply. Besides, he shows his emotion toward to the baby, and he can convey his emotion to the audience too.These emotions can light up the whole movie. When Tsotsi sees Miriam is feeding the baby, the viewer can know how poor the childhood of Tsotsi is, and the viewer can see he really wants a mothers love. In addition, this movie has a strong emotional line between the baby and Tsotsi. Tsotsi has already built up a birth with the baby. The baby seems like his sister. In the movie, Tsotsi says, The baby is mine, which mean he really cares about the baby. He doesnt want to lose it. Finally, this movie is the hottest topic in the third world.This movie, Tsotsi, shows the social problems in Africa, like homelessness, and famine. Everyone natural is a present from God. We are unique and pure. No one is supposed to be a highwayman or evil. Tsotsi also is kindhearted when he looks at the baby. Unluckily, the community always forces him to do bad things. If he doesnt follow the rules he will be killed by. Besides, in the movie, Tsotsi lives in a slum, which shows how poor living is. Is it fate? So, we need to be glad that we are living in such a unruffled and bountiful place. Everything is not inevitable we need to treasure what we have and not compare with the others.Through this movie, the viewers will learn the living standard in Africa, and they can understand what kinds of problems it has. All the main and pip-squeak characters and plotlines that are explored probably deserve appreciation, as overall they all play their parts well. All of the characters are significant. The emotion expressed is excellent. Its a movie that will influence people, and the viewers have to establish attention to understand the meaning inside. This movie also won the 2005 Academy Globe for Best conflicting Language Film. So, Tsotsi is a remarkable movie that you must watch, and it has a strong meaning.

Hitler’s Life and what he did Essay Example for Free

Hitlers Life and what he did EssayAdolf Hitler was a German politician who was born in Austria. He fought for the German army during the prototypic World War, enough superstar of the most decorated veterans. afterward the war, he joined a political movement that was later to become the infamous national socialist companionship (Kershaw 5). That was in the social class 1919 and by the year 1921, he had become the leader of the National Socialist German Workers troupe, abbreviated as NASDAP or simply the DAP from its German name (Giblin 52). Adolf Hitler was later to become a truly instrumental figure during the build-up to the Second World War, and during the war itself. He is remembered in bad faith as one of the main architects of the holocaust. In this paper, I aim to discuss his life in detail and how his purloin to power influenced world affairs. Early Life Adolf Hitler was born in a town k in a flashn as Braunau-am-inn in Austria near the German border to Alois, a customs officer and Klara on the 20th of April, 1889 (Kershaw 5). At the age of six, he was already attending school around the town of Linz, which is located to the east of his birthplace.Hitlers performance in school was however pathetic, and this forced him to abandon school with fall out completing his courses with the ambition of becoming an artist (Kershaw 6). Between the ages 16 and 18, Hitler did not have any employment. He solely depended on his get for his upkeep since his father Alois had died when Adolf was merely thirteen but at eighteen years, he had acquired a needlelike interest in politics and managed to successfully apply for admission at the Vienna Academy of bonny Arts (Kershaw 7). Adolf Hitler the Orphan When Adolf Hitler was 19 years old, his mother died of cancer (Kershaw 9).He had no relatives each equal to(p) or willing to support him and his predicament prompted him to move to Vienna hoping that he would somehow manage to create ends meet. That was in the year 1909 and in Vienna, things did not go so well for the young vagrant. Within a year, he was sleeping in shelters for the homeless (Kershaw 9). He had vehemently refused to accept any form of unfaltering employment but readily took up any menial ruminates that would come his way and also exchange some of his paintings so that he could provide himself with subsistence.Adolf Hitler in the First World War By the year 1913, Adolf Hitler was still homeless and broke. In the hope of bettering his life, he moved to Munich, Southern Germany (Welch 5). This relocation coincided with the outbreak of the First World War that broke out in 1914. Adolf Hitler volunteered to serve in the German military and was pass judgment into the 16th Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regimen (Welch 31). His tenure into service of the state had officially begun, and no one could imagine that he would once rise to lead his nation into war against the world.During the course of the war, Adolf Hitler fought s o bravely that he became widely recognized. He was duly promoted into Corporal, getting decorated with the military honors of the Iron mystify Second Class and the Iron Cross First Class (Giblin 54). He wore the latter up o until the day he died but the irony was that the officer who recommended him for the second award was a Jewish regimental, a race he was going to persecute severely after his rise to power. In 1981, he was temporarily blinded by a gas attack orchestrated by the British.He however make a quick recovery and returned to his regiment, based in Munich, in December 1918. Adolf Hitler Ventures into Politics (Welch 24) Adolf had his first stint in politics between December 1918 and March 1919 while he was working at a camp for prisoners of war before returning hindquarters to his regiment in Munich (Housden 66). After his return, he witnessed an happening in which topical anesthetic communists attempted to take over political authority before the army efficaciously quashed their attempt.During the proceedings of an investigation, which was established to inquire into the incident, Adolf Hitler was called in as a witness. Afterwards, he was appointed into a local organization within the army whose function was to persuade soldiers who were returning from the war not to convert into either communism or pacifism (Housden 67). While serving in the organization, Hitler greatly developed his oratory skills. His job description also involved him conducting espionage activities on some political groups, which were mushrooming in the background of the Munich political fit (Welch 41).One day, he attended a meeting organized by the German Workers Party and when one of the members stood to deliver a keynote address, Adolf Hitler was so infuriated that he burst out, delivering a charged harangue to the speaker. The fo to a lower place of the German Workers Party, Mr. Anion Drexler, was so impressed with Hitlers outburst that he spontaneously asked him t o join their party. Hitler, though hesitant at first, agreed to join the organization and became its s thus farth official in the September of 1919 (Welch 41).Hitler became a vocal official of the German Workers party and addressed a crowd of over two meter people in Hofbrauhaus, Munich in February 1920 where he managed to get the attention of the people (Welch 41) . Leader of the Nazi Party Involvement with the DAP meant that Adolf was discharged from the army. He then engaged into an extensive campaign increasing his influence within the party, raising funds for its mechanisms and winning in supporters and sympathizers (Hauner 32). He increased the strength of the Nazi party and even attempted to overthrow the government.In the melee, he and other leaders of the National Socialist German Workers Party, which was now the name of the Germany Workers Party, were arrested and detained. Upon his release after six months in Jail, the mechanism of the Nazi party had been crippled. Hitl er himself found out that he had been banned from delivering any unrestricted speeches. However, the great depression in the mid-1920s brought a new prospect for Hitler and his party to convince the people of Germany. He participated in the 1932 election but lost, even though the winner of the election did not last long owing to external pressure (Housden 71).Adolf Hitlers party form a coalition after securing a parliamentary majority and used their bargaining power to keep back the formation of any other government until Adolf Hitler was named chancellor in 1933 (Kershaw 17). Having secured the highest political seat in the nation, Adolf proceeded to unite his grip by convincing the German people that he was their savior from the economic woes external assault and other undesirable minorities. He and the Nazi party eliminated opposition to their rule.Hitler and the Build-up to the Second World WarThe Nazi regime immediately embraced aggression as a foreign policy to stamp its authority in the world. It formed alliances that were later to group nations during the war. Adolf denounced the treaty of Versailles and made an alliance with Austria. In international peace forums, Hitler would talk peace and claim that the destruction of the First World War made Germany need a potbelly of time before she could be in a position to re-arm for war but back home, he placed priority in military armament (Victor 59).He could not even vacate funds to be diverted to creating employment if his military budget was not satisfied. It is this arms race that was later to lead to the greatest war mankind had ever known, the Second World War. Hitler and the Holocaust Hitler embraced a philosophical system known as racial hygiene that was based on the concept of racial purity under which all life unworthy of life was to be exterminated from the face of the earth (Victor 63). Through a program named Action T4, he ordered for the killing of all children with developmental and physical disabilities. These were his first victims.Because of public outcry, Hitler created an impression that the killings had been stopped, but in a period spanning six years from 1939, between 11 and 14 million people were killed (Hauner 71). Among these were six million Jews. Many victims died from diseases and starvation while enslaved in national and clandestine German ventures while others were either gassed or burned. Among the Jews, other population groups targeted in the holocaust were political opponents, gays and lesbians, the physically disabled and mentally retarded, trade unionists and psychiatric patients.

How the Environment plays a role in Learning Essay Example for Free

How the purlieu plays a mathematical function in encyclopaedism EssayLearning is a litigate which touches on almost every aspect of human life. Surprisingly, it is through bring outing that the experiences of the past ar passed on to the younger generation by p bents as well as educators. It is impossible to get familiarity without erudition. A neighborhood from do itledge, nurture equips people with skills and abilities that enable them to deal perfectly with the complexities of life. Through look ating for instance, exclusives get to know about the rules that enable them to interact in their social lives. Learning is however not unique.It networks with an persons social life and the environment (Custom Essay, 2009). Richlin in his book, Blue print for packing constructing collage courses to facilitate, opening and chronicle learning, acknowledges that Learning does not occur in a vacuum. It fagnot occur in isolation either and is dependent on various factors such as the environment (Richlin, 2006). The environment is the substance upon which learning is laid upon. It forms the spine of learning. Environment thus plays a signifi stick outt role as far as the learning cover is concerned.The environment can affect the learning process either positively or negatively. This research piece seeks to look at various environmental factors and the roles they play in the learning process. The Natural Environment though in the current world there is a high rise of technology and people can change the environment to suit their needs, the cushion of internal environment on learning is still so strong and cannot be ignored.For example, people who were brought up in rural areas are very resistent from those in urban area. This is in approve to what each has well-read. Those from the remote areas are in contact with nature itself. They learn so much from nature since their dwelling place is so natural and has not been contaminated by human act ivities. On the other afford, a city dweller has no natural environment access and barely learns much from it. He or she is even less concerned with what is happening in the natural environment. Lessons on nature become ch anyenging to city dwellers but remote dwellers learn with ease (Custom Essay, 2009).It is in the natural environment that historical, scientific, and geographical materials for learning are found in plenty. These natural features are gambling to learn when individuals know what they are learning about. For instance, those located near the ocean or sea entrust have fun learning about the marine ecosystem. Likewise those in mountainous regions will enchant a geography lesson on types of mountains. Learning in these natural environments is so real, so natural, and so meaningful and pupils tend to perform better than those who learn in the theoretical way in the cities (Smith, 2010).Social Environment Many people do not know that social environment plays a funda mental role in the process of learning. Humans are social beings and they can neither live nor learn in an isolated situation. Ones a child is born, the learning process begins from the social environment. By crying, the child knows that it will be attended to by the society around it. The first people to get in touch with an individual from an early age are from the family members.The family at this level is the social environment for the child. Basic knowledge is learned from the parents and it becomes the foundation of an individuals future life. The social environment then expands as the individual advances in age. He or she can learn from friends, peers, and influential adults (Custom Essay, 2009). However, various people that an individual comes into contact with, impact differently on his or her learning process. At the early stage of a persons life, parents shape the views, beliefs and equip the person with basic knowledge, skills and the abilities.The family can affect the child negatively or positively. For instance, statistics advertise that children under family abuse score less in exams than the ones who have been raised normally free from abuse. abused children feel useless and they develop a negative self image. They undermine their learning ability and therefrom perform poorly in the learning process. In contrast, a family can positively motivate a child by encouraging them to believe they can. Such children build confidence in themselves that enable them to impudence challenges at home and in school. This positively influences their learning.The time the parents eliminate with their children excessively influences learning. Very committed parents deal those in the military have little time for their children and therefore children do not get all the knowledge that they require. Other parents have a high priority for delay and they will raise-up disciplined children. gamey level discipline augers well with learning (Smith, 2010). At t he adolescent stage, peers mean everything to an individuals life. An individual develops disposition through the interaction with his or her peers (Custom Essay, 2009). Learning can be bollixed if the teen chooses a bad social grouping.Anti-social behaviors like drug and substance abuse will no doubt impair a persons learning process. Drug and substance abuse interferes with the activity of the mind in processing information. There is alike the interference with the normal functioning of the body. In addition, some people spend much of their time in non-constructive activities like gambling. They therefore do not concentrate in their schoolroom activities leading to poor performance (Smith, 2010). Despite the fact that most of a persons personality has already been shaped by the time they reach adulthood, adults still learn even in white-haired age.The social environment affects the learning process of an adult (Custom Essay, 2009). The Physical Environment The physical enviro nment in addition affects the learning process. To start with, the structures in which people, particularly students, spend most of their days will determine the bore of learning. Research has shown that students in shabby schools rarely perform well as compared to those in decent schools. gaudy structures are not attractive to the learners and they do not feel motivated to learn either.They might similarly be missing some structures such as windows which will pose a danger to learning especially in times of hurricanes and rains. A good physical environment is attractive and cultivates positive attitudes in both learners and teachers. Schools or learning environments should be friendly if at all the desirable learning is firing to take place. There should be attractive spaces to give students comfort the way they would in a cafe. Learning is therefore improved with the physical environment improvement. In the schoolrooms, the arrangement of desks and spacing all count to the l earning process.Studies have revealed that students who are less attentive and barely successful are mostly affected by arrangement of desks. Their queer behaviors will tend to increase when they are in rows rather than around tables. To brace sure that all students are monitored, clustering of students should be avoided. This ensures that there is enough space for every student and there is no opportunity for the misconduct of students. The students therefore will be serious and of course learn to a greater extent in spacious classes (Victorian Institute of Teaching, nd).Other physical aspects that determine the process of learning accept climate, noise, and color. Extreme temperatures negatively affect the quality of learning (Victorian Institute of Teaching, nd). Hurricanes will also have their part to play. Many other disastrous weather conditions affect learning negatively. The student will spend to a greater extent(prenominal) time fighting with the disasters than in their studies. Poor weather reduces the level of concentration (Smith, 2010). Noise disrupts the whole process of doctrine and learning. Too much noise leads to the impairment of the cognitive function.Most reading and studying problems are associated with noise. Furthermore it is hard-fought for a student to hear what the teacher is saying if there is a jackpot of noise in the environment. Likewise color affects the efficiency and motivation in learning. Choice of colors depends to begin with on the learners age and gender. Brighter colors go well with young children and adolescents will be attracted by easy colors. Males feel at peace with brighter colors but females would like softer colors. Careful considerations should therefore be make when furnishing classrooms to avoid negative influences (Victorian Institute of Teaching, nd).The Cultural Environment Individuals are from different cultural backgrounds. The styles of learning differ from one culture to another. In the developi ng worlds like Asia and Africa, teachers, mentors and parents insist on the observation of strict discipline in the process of teaching and learning. Children are not given time to air their views. In contrast, in developed countries like US, learning is less controlled and children are allowed to actively participate in learning and teaching processes.This whitethorn go a long way to motivating students for better performance. Restrictions on the other hand will make students hate the whole process of learning and teaching (Smith, 2010). The learning process is also affected by the nature of the cultural environment. many cultures may have a special respect when it comes to knowledge acquisition. People who are learned are greatly respected. These people become mentors to the learner and bring forward their morale. For example, if a child grows up admiring a certain engineer, chances are that he or she will learn more to become that engineer.Additionally, in the developed countri es almost everyone is educated. They also have better resources such as equipped libraries and internet facilities. Their children therefore receive information they require in learning from diverse areas. The more the resources, the more simplified the learning process will be. On the other hand, inadequate resources will incessantly pose a threat to the learning process. In addition, poor countries have a high arrive of uneducated people and thus do not act as motivators to learning (Smith, 2010). Some cultures also may influence learning by holding a special position in a particular area of study.For along time, there have been talks on mathematics, sciences and languages. Certain cultural backgrounds may fail to put weight on the study of language such as in Myanmar. Some tribes here have no records of their written language. Students from such localities are restricted by their cultural environment to learn the language. They will only have few language experiences. Other cul tures will put more emphasis on subjects like mathematics. Learning mathematics for students from these environments will not be a difficult task. The cultural environment therefore dictates what is to be learnt and to what extent (Catherine, 2010).Classroom Setting There are different classroom settings all of which affect the process of learning. Learners tend to perceive various settings differently. For instance, in comparing the traditional classroom teaching with online learning, traditional though passed by time, provides the best setting. Online learning does not monitor the learners move. Learning therefore is at the mercy of the learners self discipline.More so, there is no reinforcement offered by online learning and there is no educator-recipient direct interaction. In traditional classroom environment, the learners moves are closely monitored, there is teacher-student contact and therefore reinforcement is guaranteed. The teacher is in a position to learn the psychologi cal weakness of a student. Once the problem is known, the student can be helped out. Students of the traditional setting will always perform better academically than online students. The learning process is therefore affected by the kind of setting selected (Smith, 2010).

Working With Teams Essay Example for Free

Working With Teams EssayThe scenario is wrong mark and lack of diligent information which delays payments for the reanimate. As head of the billing section a lick testament be implemented to solve problems on this issue. The current process is not working and because of the termination of productivity, a team up was assembled to solve problems. The goal is to find where the phantasm is, and recoup the loss revenue.The first psyche to question would be the front bit personal who concurs in a patient upon arrival. After getting the redress card and demographic page, it is important to compargon that information on file to be definite it is accurate, and up to date. A copy of the insurance card should be taken at every visit. yet if the patient were thither just there a few weeks ago, it is important to establish a custom of quality. Second, the front office personal should check the insurance carrier to see if a referral is necessary. However, closely insurance carriers do not require a referral for family practice it is advantageous to determine if the doctor is in ne dickensrk.When the patient is called back to their examining room, the medical assistant will ask for the reason for the visit. It is up to medical assistant to draw up down the signs and symptoms of the patient. The documentation must be detailed and recorded properly on the patients face sheet. The incision manager of nurses should be scrubbing the documentation before it is submitted to the billing department. For example, if a patient has a bend check and the physician decides to order labs, the lab draw must be documented even though it was not the reason for the visit.The communication starts with the first point of contact, which is the front office. This person must be detailed, high-octane and willing to ask questions without hesitation. They do not assume or fill in the blanks. They are bumptious and responsible, to answer staff questions. Without this, the te am will spiral downward like a domino effect. For example, the check out personal will not be able to excuse the patient without collecting the co pay. The co pay is not determined unless the insurance is entered correctly by the front office. According to Veean (2012) We are paying more attention to electronic devices than to one another. The person to person communication between doctor and staff and doctor to patient is decreasing. The answer to the question, is we can save health care by utilizing a balance of words and computers.The team will be nonionised by personality types. Keeping in mind the group of people has a variety of experience, skills and talents working to help each other carry through a common goal. The group has the chore of problem solving why the billing codes are incorrect, and where the wanting(p) link is for payment. According to Chong (2007) team performance can be positively correlated with the teams that are organized based on their individual chara cteristics. Each person will be responsible for their role. Selecting the team by department will make sure all employees are contributing to their individual duty and this will equal success. There will be one leader, a couple of nurses to scrub the documentation for errors, two administration personal to make sure the demographics and insurance information is correct. A person from the billing department who will run a report from the last 120 days. The doctor also needs a friendly reminder, to document according to the procedure. The doctor must bed that treating patients is not their sole responsibility in an office.Consequently, all team members were selected according to their talents and skill level. How well they communicate with written and verbal communication. According to Cheesebro, (2010) the world power to solve problems and think critically are good traits to have. They have a desire to accomplish the task and be held accountable for their performance.The potential for conflicts would consist of pointing fingers and judging without investigating. A person might already know who the employee is that started the problem and approach the person, unprofessionally. The process needs to be redefined and no one should be singled out as the culprit. Furthermore, a conflict may ignite if communication is not open. Hence, one person might rule an idea or strategy is not helpful to reach the goal. Although, good teamwork creates a positive environment. If there is a heated disagreement, it can lower the mood, and demotivate the rest of the team. However, according to Cheesebro, (2010) Conflict is healthy in accepted situations, because it will bring a team together. Research has shown, employees who feel part of a strong team are happier and more productive. An acronym for team is trust, empathy, attitude and mutual respect.In conclusion, the best way to avoid rising billing failures is to call the insurance company. According to University of Florida , College of Medicine, (2010) Cigna, United Health Care, Medicare and Medicaid will notify the billing office the reasons for denial. It could be as simple as the birth date does not match what is on the readjustment application. A modifier was not placed after an International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision (IDC-9) code. Perhaps the on-going Procedural Terminology (CPT) was entered as a 4 digit code instead of a 5 digit code. Even though a report will catch this error, if a person overlooks uploads it electronically anyway, it will be denied. The rules for assigning these codes are complex, and have a significant role in coding so that payment can be received. For example, if a bill for CPT 31256, nasal/sinus endoscopy would not be supported by ICD-9 826.0, closed fracture of the foot. This claim would be rejected and sent back.In most offices, it is presumptuous to label the front office as the reason for failure in payment. It could be anyones guess the reason hence a t eam approaches to solve the mystery of lack of payment is in effect(p) to problem solving. A person from the billing office would concentrate on these rejected claims, repair the errors, and return them for payment. They will have 15 days to reprocess the claims, and recover the blunder.

Deforestation in Indian Essay Example for Free

disforestation in Indian EssayThe best known case of this is the Chipko movement in the Himalayas (Hegde, 1998 Weber, 1987). The villagers rallied together to stay fresh their forests by hugging the trees from the axe of the contractors who were issued licenses without the consent of the local people. Much earlier to this movement, though similar in its action is the story of the Bishnois in the devastate state of Rajasthan (CSE 1984-85). The religious tenets of the community prevent them from causing any harm to any living thing. A few centuries ago a situation arose when the ruler arranged the cutting down of the trees of the argona. The people of this community protested. They hugged the trees to protect them and in the process paid a real heavy price. The kings men ruthlessly chopped down the protesters before chopping down the trees. Even today the villages of the Bishnois are a pleasant sight where trees 76 IGES International Workshop grow all around inspite of the des ert standardised environment and various animals like the endangered Blackbuck find freedom and safety in a peoples sanctuary.In addition, across the country there are innumerable sacred groves (Gadget, 1975 Gadget and Vartak, 1976 Induchoodan, 1991 WWF, 1996) patches of forests that stomach had a sacredness and sanctity attached to them for centuries. Often it is a forest dedicated to the local deity and in many places like in the western ghats these remain the only surviving examples of the rich and virgin forests that at one time clothed the mountains. More recently we come across the well-documented cases where communities are taking the initiative in defend their forests.For instance Jardhar (Kothari, 1995) is a village in the Garhwal Himalayas about 12 hours drive away from New Delhi. present the village has come together on its own initiative to protect the forests on the hills around their village. With the serve of the Delhi based environmental group Kalpavriksh they have even prepared a community register of their biological, bionomical and environmental knowledge. Additionally they have a Beej Bachao Andolan (Save the seeds campaign) wherein the villagers have taken it upon themselves to save the great agricultural miscellany of their area and have started a seed bank on their own.Similar is the case in the Alwar regularize of Rajasthan where the coordinated action of a series of villages protecting the forests, preventing grazing, tree cutting, and building a series of gloomy bunds across the water streams has actually brought the river Arvari back to life (Patel, 1997). The river which had over the years turned into a seasonal worker stream now once again flows perennially. Enthused by the initiative of the villagers the government too responded positively and schemes like those under Joint Forestry Management are being implemented in the area.

Trinitarian Theology of Prayer and Healing Essay Example for Free

Trinitarian Theology of orison and mend Es arrangeThere has been sizable reflection more recently on the nature of common chord and its place in church sustenance and theological thinking. Feminists, liberationists, process thinkers, and more traditionalist Catholic and Protestant theologians as considerably as easterly Orthodox desire to free the leash from its isolation in traditional statements with the consequent lack of congeneric to practical christian faith and life. The realization that in the economy of buyback we lead to do with graven image as he is in himself has radic eachy focused thought in a sore room on the be and act of graven image as triune. The double context of salvation and liberation in proportion to the Trinity has been the prime reason for renewed interest in the article of faith today and in its practical implications.Recent rejuvenation of the Trinity has owed much to the efforts and success of theologians in laying let on a wide ra nge of trinitarian implications. It is as we properly understand matinee idol as triune that we win have a right turn over of the faith, of its doctrines, and of the relevance of all this for each sphere of human life and activity. It is in many behaviors remarkable that this insight, always latent in our traditions, has now, almost suddenly and unexpectedly, emerged as a central aspect of current theology.Current thinking is very varied here the work go forth concentrate on that which relates directly a trinitarian basis and the implication for our intellectual of the nature and remainder of improveing. onwards we go on to do this in just about(predicate) detail in the work, we must(prenominal) say n primalthing most the Trinity itself as the general framework for understanding spectral sort. After discussing that general framework, we lead depict some of its implications for saviourianitys internal life.Trinity authority the reality of unrivaled matinee ido l who is deuce-ace persons. There be not three perfections somehow joined together, which would be explicit tritheism, nor jakes atomic number 53 envisage the three persons as together making up the Deity. This would reduce the persons to social occasionial gods and mean that the Trinity was some miscellany of mathematical conundrum. Nor can the unity in Trinity be seen as simply a change of attri entirelyes or perfections which constitute the being of beau ideal. Rather, the Trinity affirms that while each person is wholly ecclesiastic twain per se and in relation to the others, there is further one God. Gods being is a unity in Trinity and not otherwise.This naturally excludes the view that one can begin with a different origination of unity to which the Trinity must in some measure conform. It besides indicates that the being of God as one can further be kn give as mystery in the actions of his grace and salvation in Jesus Christ by the devoted feeling or, to pu t it otherwise, in revelation and reconciliation. entirely if God is the one God as the Father sending the Son by the Holy Spirit, how do these three persons or ways of Gods being in action express his unity? That is the question.Two of import answers have been given but elaborated in various ways. The first favored by the Orthodox East and by many Western theologians today is summarized cryptically as being in descent or being as communion or ontorelational unity (Vanhoozer 188). The second traditional Western view sees the persons as inhering in the being of God as the focus of unity.Christians believe God is intrinsically relational. buyback is communion with the triune God. Salvation is not a realization of vestal identity, the unity of one arrogant Self, a one without a second. That phantasmal end would be relationless, because there is nothing outside the sensation with which to relate. Any relation of the One to something outside it could only be a diminishment or con tamination of the master perfection. Salvation is also not emptiness, the dissipation of any continuing consciousness of being at all.This too is a relationless end. In the first case there was one absolute with nothing/no one to relate with. In this case it is not the absence of an other that rules out relation, but the radical insubstantiality eventide of one. Instead of one without a second to relate with, we might regard this end as pure relation, with no ones distinct persons or entities to have the relation. These religious ends differ from salvation because they exclude relation itself, descrying it as extrinsic to religious fulfillment. In that descend, salvation break throughs too interactive, too wedded to difference.Christians believe that the understanding of God as Trinity, the understanding whose catalyst is the incarnation of Christ, allows us to grasp key features of Gods character and Gods relation with us. If relationship itself is an impossible, unnecessa ry, or paying backproductive religious aim, then this belief is in error. silent if relation is genuinely an irreducible component of the religious end, then characterizations of God atomic number 18 not only passing tools. They are in some measure constitutive of that end. Salvation is shaped by a particular resource of the God with whom we are in relation. here we glimpse the way in which Christ is integral to salvation, both embodying the relation with God that constitutes salvation and distinctively representing to us the nature of the God with whom we have communion in salvation.The Trinity is not about levels of divine being but about dimensions of God. Height, length, and width are features of a whole body and of every part of it, and yet the three are not the same. If emanations from God or acts of God are put on a ladder of being, then humans, who are farther shine the ladder of creation, can relate only to the rungs immediately above or below them. Ultimate graven image lies further above and beyond.If the three divine persons of the Trinity are treated in this way, they be get under ones skin levels of being. But in fact no person of the Trinity is a lower or earlier step, and no(prenominal) is less far in to God. For the Christian, salvation is not passing beyond the Spirit to the Son or the Son to the Father. Salvation is participation in the divine life that is the communion among the three persons.The doctrine of the Trinity has its basis in Gods self-revelation in Israel and in Jesus Christ his Son by the Holy Spirit. In other words, it is to be found exclusively in this revelation as the Scriptures bear witness to it. This substantiating affirmation carries a negative within it. Since the unity of God is a unity in third no other conceived or supposedly proven unity of God is a Christian conceit of the true God. Traditional doctrine has sometimes been at fault here.It brought a division into the whole liking of God beginning with a general doctrine of the one God and his attributes on the basis of some biblical material or philosophical proofs and then went on to speak of God as triune. This understandably has various dangers which are being recognized today. It could lead to the Trinity being subordinated to an already preconceived opinion of God with a consequent weakening and undermining of its true nature in a modalistic way.Again, it could be seen as a creator God as Father being largely divorced from Son and Holy Spirit so that the Father was known otherwise than by faith, whereas Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit were the true objects of our belief and worship. This could bring a serious division into our conception of the Trinity, endangering the equality and nature of the persons and misconstrue their mutual relationships. This dichotomy in the doctrine of God meant a real difficulty too in relating it to Christian life, faith, and worship.Augustine considers what is involved in the perfection of the image of God in creation when through recital of the trinity of faith the mind is purified and comes to contemplate God the Trinity. The image of God in the soulfulness is memory, understanding and bash, which is manifested (and can never be ultimately lost) when the mind remembers itself, loves itself and knows itself, but which is truly the image because it is the capacity the soul has to remember, know and love God and it is in such cleaving to God that the image is perfectedWhen its cleaving to him has croak absolute, it testament be one tang with him . . . The mind will be raised to the participation of his being, truth and bliss, though nothing thereby be added to the being, truth and bliss which is its own. In that being, joined to it in perfect happiness, it will live a changeless life and enjoy the changeless vision of all that it will behold (Cavadini 103).What is happening here is less the souls ascent to God than the souls submitting to be refashioned by God the beginning of the images reforming must come from him who first formed it. The self which it was able to deform, it cannot of itself reform (Cavadini 115). It is a process which begins in the event of baptism, and is perfected in a longsighted gradual process of penitence and endurance the cures beginning is to get rid of the cause of the sickness and that is done through the forgiveness of sins. Its furtherance is the ameliorate of the sickness itself, which get downs effect by gradual progress in the renewal of the image (Cavadini 121).The souls return to God is the perfecting within it of the image of God in which it was created. It is a movement away from the land of un similarity in which it finds itself as a resolving creator of the fall. But Augustine emphasizes in the last book (XV) of De Trinitate that the likeness to God we have discovered in domain is no equality it is a likeness between two utterly different beings, God and the creature, and so he says, fores hadowing the language of the fourth Lateran Council, that we must rather discern in its measure of likeness a owing(p)er unlikeness too (Cavadini 122).For the love of God, beware of illness as much as you can, so that as far as possible your self is not the cause of any failing . . . For the love of God, control your body and soul with great care, and keep as fit as you can. Here speaks the positive, life-affirming illustration of Christian spirituality, in this case from plague-ridden England of the fourteenth century. The voice is also realistic should illness come in spite of everything, have patience and wait humbly for Gods mercy (Peel 255). Between the twin poles of the unresisting acceptance of unavoidable suffering and the active care of wellness and work for healing, Christian spirituality moves with varying emphases, first in one direction, then in the other.In the twentieth century, Christian spirituality in its literature and practice has moved in the second directio n, showing a more challenging position towards disease, and a wider concern for human development, personal and social. Wholeness in body, mind and spirit is presented as a goal to which ascetics need not run counter, and should indeed subserve. Wholeness and holiness, if not precisely synonymous, are regarded as related. Properly understood, entreaty is a mature act which is essential for the complete development of the personality . . . It is only in prayer that we can achieve the complete and harmonious union of body, mind and spirit (Dr Alexis Carrel, quoted in H. Caffarel 20).The incarnation is seen to have implications for the redemption of every aspect of the worlds activity. At the same time, in society generally, a larger concept of health has begun to take hold, as meaning not merely the absence of sickness, but the realization of human potential. Advances in clinical medicine, pharmacology and psychiatry have helped to create a new climate of expectation. Partly through the growth of nuclear physics and a changed scientific and philosophical outlook, some writers have questioned the very distinction between the physical and the spiritual, as hitherto understood.It is in this changing atmosphere that the Christian ministry of healing, as distinct from forms of faith-healing which deny the value of scientific medicine, has been renewed in the churches. A fruitful meeting-point between spirituality and medicine lies in the fact that it is the vis medicatrix naturae, the recreative power of nature, which brings healing.Physicians and surgeons do not directly heal anybody they seek by their skills to remove obstacles to natures healing energies, as when they correct chemical imbalances in the body, or take away diseased tissue. Means which touch the human spirit, such as are employed in the ministry of healing by prayer and sacrament, may equally be seen as seeking to liberate and repair by grace the God-given forces within human nature. Three aspects of the subject attract attention, and developments in each can be expected.Christian Science arose at a time when Protestantism left little room for the direction and practice of spiritual healing (Kelsey 69). It offered a unique product blend of metaphysics with an unOrthodox interpretation of Christian scriptures that appealed to a large number of people during the late 19th century. With the inception of the Pentecostal movement early in the 20th century and its spillover into historic Christian denominations since 1950, healing was once again incorporated with orthodox Christian theology.Despite some obvious similarities between Christian Science and mainline Christian healing groups, very little rapport exists between the two approaches to religious healing. Christian Science accepts as an surmisal that illness is a form of evil, and all evil is an illusion (Peel 254). distributively person has it within her/himself to counter illusion with truth. As Christian Science fou ndress Mary Baker wrote That which God creates is good, and He makes all that is made. Therefore the only reality of sin, sickness or death is the awful fact that unrealities seem real to human, erring belief, until God strips off their disguise (Peel 256).Faith in Gods power to heal has to reckon with the fact that there appear to be blocks in a disordered world and within human personality to receiving Gods healing energies. much(prenominal) obstacles may be moral, in the form of unrepented sin. They may also be out-of-pocket to emotional disturbances caused by past wounds to the spirit. Inner healing is concerned to bring to light the causes of the inner pain to help the sick person to interpret them correctly and to release the person from the emotional grip of the past. Prayer and meditation play a crucial part in this exodus from captivity.Deeper levels of the mind are reached in contemplative prayer, when the focus is upon God alone, and the soul waits upon him. Inner heal ing comes also in corporate worship, when the gaze is Godward and the worshipper is lifted by the Spirit out of self-centredness or narrowness of vision. Closer union with God in the depth of the spirit thus brings an integration of the whole person around the new Centre, and it is quite usual for physical health to be improved. Diseases are caught in a diseased society. Environment counts, for better or for worse. It is cruel and pretended to brand every sufferer as a sinner much suffering and sickness is due to the sin either of other persons, or of society in general (Peel 269).There is in some churches a growth of less formal kinds of reaching out to minister to the sick in the severalise of Christ, alongside the sacramental ministries of Eucharist, anointing, laying on of hands, reconciliation of penitents, and occasionally exorcism. The dedicated use by every member of Christ of his or her personal gift of the Spirit enables the local church to become an actively healing com munity. Where some have a physical gift of healing through the hands (a phenomenon still little understood, though real), they may use it as members of a parish team, and are sometimes licensed by a bishop for a wider ministry.I believe that Jesus Christ is in fact constitutive of healing. Christ is constitutive of healing for all people who attain it. Christ is constitutive in this way not as some separate and additional actor besides God, but precisely as an appearance of the triune life of God. Christ is one who comes from the triune life into human life but also one who brings human life into its fullest participation in the triune life. Christ is not extrinsic to the love of God, not only a representation of it, but also the working of it. Christ is in such unity with God that communion with God involves a fundamental relation with Christ.Healing is constituted merely by Gods everlasting love. Christ does not constitute healing Christ represents the God who does. Ordinary Chr istian sacraments and preaching can only symbolize God by representing Christ. Christ represents God by constituting these lesser representations. Whereas they represent Gods love by also representing him, he represents Gods love by also constituting them. Christs special consumption is not to constitute healing but to constitute the Christian symbols for it. Other religions may have their own representations. The problem with this analysis is that it makes Gods everlasting love an abstract quality and agent, some kind of prior finis in the mind of God, and downplays its personal nature.That love is precisely a feature of the personal communion that is the divine life, of which the second person of the Trinity is a constitutive member. Prior to being an idea or a decision, this love is an event. And Christ, the divine Word, is participant in that event, constitutive of that everlasting love. Likewise the extension of this love to humanity which constitutes healing is not an abstra ct possibility. The path for human participation in the triune communion is situated in the unity of God and humanity in Christ.Though Christ is certainly the way, in the Christian view, Christ is also the life and the truth in whom we rest and grow while on the way and at the end of the way. The proposition that Christ is the sole savior of the world is not adequately translated by saying that everyone must make use of Christ for at least one crucial moment, long enough to negotiate part of the passage to the promised land of salvation, after which time Christ can be discarded or replaced.In inviting his followers into a relation with God like his own, Jesus presumed that those in such relation were one body that they lived in him and he lived in them, just as Christ lived in God and God in him. Jesus did not counsel his followers to go out and independently approach God as Jesus did. Jesus invited them to share in that relationship by virtue of their connection with him. There is nothing purely instrumental about this the images and substance are all organic. dialogue is the way Christ saves, and it is the salvation that results.Healing seems to be restored as a normal part of the Churchs ministry and of the Christian experience, wherever the Church is alive with faith in Christ. But, as with the mission to evangelize the world, so with the healing work of Christ in his Church, opposition abounds and the story is one of failure as well as success. God reigns, and the word is preached with signs following. But the end is not yet, and in Christian perspective the thorough healing of people and nations waits for the consummation of all things, when God shall be all in all.Deep parley with others can begin with prayer, the deepest dialogue with the Ultimate Other. Within this deepest dialogue, active and receptive prayer processes proposed by the comparative Prayer Model have been related to eastern and occidental historical descriptions of the prayer of t he Holy Name. A comparison of the method and function of the prayer of the Holy Name has revealed several similarities between eastern and western spiritual traditions.These points of common ground between spiritual traditions support the expansion of the original Interpersonal Christian Prayer Model to account for more than a solely western spiritual tradition. In addition, intercultural religious dialogue and prayer between eastern and western spiritual traditions has been developed with several examples. Such religious enculturation could lead to further development and/or revisions of the Relational Prayer Model.Most modern perspectives on the Trinity and worship see prayer as a central aspect of this relationship. The passages in the red-hot will that distinguish most clearly between the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit are those that dish out with prayer. Christ as our reconciler and peace giver is the one through whom we have access by one Spirit to the Father. It was wh en he was thinking about prayer that Paul also thought about how in their different ways the Son and the Spirit enable us to approach the Father (Thompson 70). composition all three persons in the Trinity are necessary properly to speak of God as one it is primarily to the Father that the Son and the Spirit lead us in prayer. This is summed up by Paul when he says, God sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts crying Abba, Father Thompson 65). rudimentary to this is the Son, who reveals the Father, and whom, when we see, we see the Father. This leads us back to our Lords Prayer and his relation to God where the distinctive name he gives him is Father. Prayer is through Jesus Christ our Lord, that is, through all he was and said and did in his fife, death, and resurrection. He is the way, as well as the truth and the life. If prayer is to the Father and through the Son, it is enabled by the Spirit. Only the Spirit enables us to know God as Father or to confess Jesus as Lord or to p ray to the Father in a way that is acceptable to him.The role of Son and Spirit in this is profoundly expressed in Romans. Christ who died for us is now our great High Priest and mediator by his presence with the Father in the power of his finished work on the cross (Thompson 96). that we can know this and be able to enter into its meaning only by the Holy Spirit. He is the One who lays hold upon our weaknesses by his strength and intercedes for us with sighs too deep for words. Through Christ we become children of God and this relationship is made possible, continued, and brought to its completion by his Spirit which dwells in you (Thompson 98). He is the gift and power of the present and the hope of immortality. It is the Spirit (who is divine) who intercedes for us.God the Father who knows us and our weaknesses knows his own Holy Spirit and God, speech production to us through God, as it were, prays for us and with us as the Spirit, as God wants and as prayer ought to be. At t he same time, paradoxically, it is not simply the Spirits prayer but ours as well. So fold is the work of Son and Spirit in bringing us to the Father that each is spoken of as Advocate and Intercessor. The trinitarian aspect of prayer has profound significance for worship. It is not seen primarily as our work but Gods own gift through Christ and the Holy Spirit. Thus prayer and worship are not primarily hard tasks that God sets us they are gifts that through his Son and in his Spirit he shares with us (Thompson 99).The triune God in his life is both one and three in his being and relationships. This insight is applied in relation to the church in two areas, the local and the universal. The unfermented Testament speaks not only of the church but also of the churches. By this is not meant denominations in our modern genius of the term, but the various ecclesiae, the various local communities wherever found. In this sense the churches represent the universal church. Each particular congregation shares in this fullness and totality in both locality and universality. In the diversity of churches or communities the one church appears in each place.One can put it in realise form by saying that the whole universal church looks out in the local church. The collection of European Churches (C.E.C.) made the point clearly The whole church of Christ is constituted not by adding together part church to part church, but is expressed by the communion of local churches in mutual interpenetration. Conciliar community of churches is thus an integral part of the concept of the trinity (Bockman 89). By this it means not that church can and should seek to live by and for itself but, by its very basis and existence, is one with the church universal and must express that relationship analogous to the Trinity, in concrete structured form, however one may interpret this.The primary goal of the participation of the church in the mission of God is, as expressed by Christ in his miss ionary mandate, to make disciples (Bockman 89). Put otherwise, it is to bring men and women into aliveness fellowship with the triune God and with one another through him. The church is thus not a static product of the Spirits work, but a dynamic instrument in the service of others. You are Gods own people that you may declare the wonderful deeds of him who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light (Bockman 89). The church is, on the one hand, the provisional result of mission but, on the other hand, it is Gods agent of it. The goal of the church is thus not itself but the world. The church participates in Gods mission to bring to humankind function and salvation and to reconcile a broken creation.There are many avenues for the interpretation of religions. The distinctively Christian way passes through the trinitarian dynamic we have been describing, the heart of a Christian theology of religions. We saw that Trinity is a non-reductive religious ultimate, in whom the thr ee persons and their unique relations subsist as co-equal dimensions of a whiz communion. This is like a musical polyphony, a simultaneous, non-excluding harmony of difference that constitutes one unique reality. Each voice has its own distinctive character by virtue of its relation with the others. We can equally well say that each receives its special voice by participation in the oneness of the whole musical work. In the trinity we are dealing with three subjects who are reciprocally conscious of each other by reason of one and the same consciousness which the three subjects possess, each in his own proper way.This means that Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are conscious of one another through their united consciousness and self-discipline of the one divine essence and therein lies the unity of God. This does not go as far as either the Eastern tradition or the statement of Torrance. It is impossible to overemphasize the importance of the Christian doctrine that God is one in thre e persons. This has correctly been called the teaching distinctive of the Christian faith, that which sets the approach of Christians to the cowardly mystery of the deity apart from all other approaches. To be human is to be separated from God in some degree.To be Christian, the Christian believes, is to be separated from him least. The knowledge of the Trinity which we have from the New Testament is above all personal. We are introduced to the Three and invited to share the happiness of the divine company. This is truly the great mystery of Christianity, the mystery of love. In the New Testament there is none of the remoteness in conceiving God which today tends to separate Christians from their triune Lord.BibliographyBockman, Peter Wilhelm Trinity, Model of Unity blood between Unity and Communion the Universal and the Local, in The Reconciling Power of the Trinity, p. 89. Cf. Moltmann.Cavadini, John The Structure and invention of Augustines De Trinitate, Augustinian Studies 2 3, 1992.Dr Alexis Carrel, quoted in H. Caffarel, The physical structure at Prayer. London, SPCK, 1978.Kelsey, Morton T. Psychology, Medicine Christian Healing. San Francisco harper Row, 1988.Peel, Robert. Spiritual Healing in a Scientific Age. San Franciso Harper Row, Publishers, 1987.Thompson, John. Modern Trinitarian Perspectives. Oxford University sign on New York, 1994.Vanhoozer, Kevin J. The Cambridge Companion to Postmodern Theology. Cambridge University Press Cambridge, England, 2003.EndnotesBockman, Peter Wilhelm Trinity, Model of Unity Relationship between Unity and Communion the Universal and the Local, in The Reconciling Power of the Trinity, p. 89. Cf. Moltmann.Cavadini, John. The Structure and Intention of Augustines De Trinitate, Augustinian Studies 23 (1992), 103-23.Dr Alexis Carrel, quoted in H. Caffarel, The Body at Prayer ( London, SPCK, 1978), 20.Kelsey, Morton T., Psychology, Medicine Christian Healing, (San Francisco Harper Row, 1988), 69.Peel, Robert, S piritual Healing in a Scientific Age, (San Franciso Harper Row, Publishers, 1987), 254-69.Thompson, John, Modern Trinitarian Perspectives, (Oxford University Press New York, 1994), 69-85.Vanhoozer, Kevin J., The Cambridge Companion to Postmodern Theology, (Cambridge University Press Cambridge, England, 2003), 188.